";s:4:"text";s:2479:"Their speech and language are affected by physical, oral-motor, attention, and behavioral characteristics, such that an integrated approach to treatment is necessary.
Chromosome 8p Deletion Syndrome is a chromosome abnormality that affects many different parts of the body. Speech is delayed and children may acquire a few words and then lose those words, ... reported a higher incidence of cardiovascular malformations among 45,X females—38% vs. 11% for mosaics. Several different changes affecting chromosome 7 can result in FOXP2-related speech and language disorder. Individuals who carry an extra copy of 7q11.23, the genetic region on chromosome 7 that is missing in those with Williams syndrome, have language impairments and other autism-like social difficulties. 174 One of the missing genes on the X chromosome is the short stature homeobox (SHOX) gene located on the pseudoautosomal region of the X-chromosome.
Chromosome 10q Deletion Syndrome is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is a missing copy of the genetic material located on the long arm (q) of chromosome 10 The severity of the condition and the signs and symptoms depend on the size …
Deletion of 16p13.3 has been reported among individuals with tuberous sclerosis, Rubnstein-Taybi syndrome, and alpha-thalassemia.
Numerical abnormalities occur when a person has one or more extra copies of a chromosome (one extra is trisomy, and two extra is tetrasomy) or is missing a chromosome (monosomy).
Relevance to autism: Although deletion of 7q11.23 leads to Williams syndrome, duplication of the region resembles autism. In some cases, several DNA building blocks (nucleotides) are abnormally deleted or duplicated in part of chromosome 7.